NAD+

🧬 What is NAD⁺?

NAD⁺ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a natural molecule found in every cell in your body.

Think of it as a cellular helper molecule that your body needs to:

• Turn food into energy
• Repair damaged DNA
• Support healthy aging

Without enough NAD⁺, your cells simply can’t function efficiently.

⚡ What does NAD⁺ do?

1. Helps produce energy

NAD⁺ plays a key role in converting the food you eat into ATP, the energy your cells run on.

👉 More NAD⁺ = more efficient energy production

2. Supports DNA repair

Every day, your DNA gets damaged from:

• Stress
• Sun exposure
• Normal aging

NAD⁺ helps activate proteins that repair this damage, helping maintain healthy cells.

3. Activates “longevity” proteins (Sirtuins)

NAD⁺ fuels a group of proteins called sirtuins, which are linked to:

• Healthy aging
• Inflammation control
• Metabolic function

4. Supports metabolism & cellular health

NAD⁺ helps regulate:

• Blood sugar
• Fat metabolism
• Mitochondrial function (your cell’s “power plants”)

📉 Why NAD⁺ declines with age

As you get older:

• NAD⁺ levels naturally drop
• Cellular repair slows down
• Energy production becomes less efficient

This decline is associated with:

• Fatigue
• Slower recovery
• Age-related health changes

🔄 How NAD⁺ fits into your cells

How to interpret this:

• NAD⁺ cycles between forms to carry energy inside cells
• It powers mitochondria (energy production)
• It activates repair and longevity pathways

🧠 Simple analogy

Think of NAD⁺ like a rechargeable battery for your cells:

• 🔋 High NAD⁺ → cells run efficiently
• 🔋 Low NAD⁺ → cells slow down and struggle

⚠️ What science currently says

• NAD⁺ is essential for life and cellular function
• Levels decline with age
• Increasing NAD⁺ (via precursors like NMN or NR) can:
  • Raise NAD⁺ levels in humans
  • Support certain metabolic and physical functions

👉 However:

• It is not proven to extend human lifespan
• Research is still ongoing

The Science

1. The Safety and Antiaging Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in Humans
2. Effect of Oral NAD⁺ Precursors Administration on Blood NAD⁺ Concentration in Healthy Adults (NCT05517122)
3. Clinical Trial on Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Supplementation in Older Adults (NCT06882096)
4. Nestlé Clinical Study: NR and NMN Increase Circulatory NAD⁺ in Healthy Adults
5. NMN was safe and effectively metabolized in healthy men (first-in-human study)
6. NMN increased aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle oxygen utilization in runners
7. NMN improved muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women
8. NMN increased walking endurance and NAD⁺ levels in older adults
9. NMN improved grip strength and physical performance in aged men
10. NMN improved sleep quality in adults over 65
11. NMN increased blood NAD⁺ levels in middle-aged and older adults
12. NMN improved vascular function and reduced blood pressure in hypertensive patients
13. NMN improved aerobic capacity and endurance in middle-aged adults
14. NMN improved quality of life, physical performance, and biological age markers in healthy adults
15. Clinical trials showing oral NR increases NAD⁺ levels in humans (Nature Communications studies)
16. Human studies of NR supplementation and physiological outcomes (review of clinical trials)
17. Use of Dietary Supplements NR and NMN to Increase NAD⁺ Levels: Evidence from Human Studies
18. NAD⁺ precursor supplementation in human ageing: clinical evidence and challenges